图表中所给的数据一般都比较多，要抓住主要信息并加以描述。可以作首位比较，即把时间最早的与时间最晚的信息比较。也可以作极值比较，即把最高点与最低点作比较。图表中所给出的各种信息类别都要提到，但不一定把每个数据都提到，甚至连一个数据不提也可以，但至少要作一个总的描述。
    对图表描述后的概括、发现或议论要注意符合图表本意，不可泛泛而论，或越扯越远。一般以分析原因为主。
  文章的结论要合乎情理。要既有新意，又在情理之中。结论可以是归纳，也可以是对未来的一种预测。
参考例文:
就广州的空气污染问题写一篇约120字左右的文章,内容如下表 :         
                    Causes of Air Pollution              

               
Air Pollution in Guangzhou
With the development of industry, a serious problem, air pollution, arises. In Guangzhou many people have come down to illness due to air.
Recently, a study show that there are many causes that account for the problem. As illustrated in the pie chart, the major one of is by vehicles(50%). Thus, there is a large amount of automobile exhaust. Factories are also responsible for air pollution(25%).They give off poisonous gases. Another factor that cannot be neglected is smokers(15%). Smoking not only does harm to the smokers but also to others. It will lead to lung cancer. There are other causes that contribute to air pollution, too.(10%).
If this situation goes on, air pollution may be more and more serious in Guangzhou. Therefore, Some drastic measures should be taken. First of all, new fuel without pollution must be used to replace gasoline. It is the most efficient way to solve the problem. Second, people must realize the problem of air pollution and do their best to alleviate the problem. Finally, more trees should be planted and existing trees should be protected from being cut.
   These are not the only three measures we can take, but it should be noted that everyone should be aware of creating a clean environment.


写作（3）
     Percentage of middle school students’ going to
weekend schools in the recent years




因果关系法 <4>

因果关系法就是用一些事实或理论作为依据来解释和论证某种现象或结果。 通常先把结果题出来，然后解释其原因；或者先列出原因，再说明其结果。不管要说明原因还是结果，结果是相仿的。若要说明原因，先把结果提出来；若要说明结果，先把原因提出来。在英语写作中，要求说明原因的较多。例如,“为什么自行车在中国这样普及？”，“为什么我们生活的环境污染这样严重？”等。很多题目没有直接要求写明原因，但写作时，还是要分析原因。
[参考例文]
    Soccer: Why It Can't Make the Big Time in the U.S.A.
Soccer — or football , as it is called by the rest of the world outside the United States — is surely the most popular sport in the world. Every four years, the world championship of soccer, the World Cup, is watched by billions all over the world. But although soccer has become an important sport in the American sports scene, it will never make inroads into the hearts and markets of American sports the way that football, basketball, hockey, baseball, and even tennis and golf have done. There are many reasons for this.
The biggest reason for soccer's failure in the United States is that it doesn't meet easily the demands of television. Soccer, except for its half-time break, has no time-outs; except for half-time, it is constant run, run, run, run, back and forth, back and forth, with only a few seconds of relaxation when a goal is scored, and that can happen seldom, sometimes never. The best that commercial television coverage can hope for is an injury time-out.
Second, Americans love their violence, and soccer doesn't show the way that American football and hockey do. In soccer, players are actually singled out and warned — shamed, with embarrassingly silly "yellow cards," for acts of violence which would be smiled at in most American sports.
Third, it is just too difficult to score in soccer. America loves its football games with scores like 49 to 35 and a professional basketball game with scores below 100 is regarded as a unexciting one. In soccer, on the other hand, scores like 2 to 1, even 1 to 0, are commonplace ; games scoreless at the end of a game happen all the time.  
  Finally, the field in soccer is enormous. Considerably larger than the American football field, the soccer field could contain at least a dozen basketball courts and people can’t watch clearly.
Soccer is a great sport and it certainly deserves the increased attention and popularity. But — primarily, again, because it does not lend itself to television — it will never make it big in the United States the way these other sports have, not until it changes some of its basic strategies.

    请写一篇有关年龄老化问题文章，字数约120左右,<4>
                        The Aging Problem
   
           Middle school Students’ Going to Evening Schools (3)
  As illustrated in the chart, about 60% of middle school students go to weekend schools to learn a second language, compared with only 10% percent in 1995. And this figure will be on the rise.
   Why do they to go to weekend schools to learn a second language to exert a burden on them? They primary reason, I think, is the high demand from society. Feeling the pressure of the quick development of society, there is scarcely a student who does not want to learn more to fit himself into the competition. In this way, pupils hope to use the knowledge of second language to find a good job in the future. Besides, their parents and teachers exert a pressure on them. They all believe that it is suitable time for primary school students to learn more knowledge. Learning on second language basis can make students improve their intelligence and widen their horizons.
  According to the chart, the number of pupils going to weekend school tends to rise. With more opening and reform of our country, these pupils will become members of human resources.  


The Aging Problem (4)

Around the globe, many countries have entered the old-aged country. Researches show that people over 60 belong to the majority. There are many reasons for the aging problem, but in general they come down to three major ones.
   For one thing, every only-child in a family will have at least four family members to look after. Obviously, it is beyond one’s ability. For another, it will enhance the burden of government. The increased number of the aged will cause the government to give more welfare. Perhaps the prime reason is that the number of working people will decrease. More and more people are retired while fewer and fewer people work. It is not beneficial to the development of our country.
   Therefore, the aging problem has been brought into focus. The government should issue some favorable policies aiming at this problem.